Creative Commons

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Creative Commons (CC) refers to a public copyright license that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work. A CC license is used when an author wants to give people the right to share, use, and build upon a work that he/she has created.

Creative Commons licenses offer creators a spectrum of choices between retaining all rights (a "classic" copyright) and relinquishing all rights (public domain), an approach called "Some Rights Reserved."

CC provides flexibility (for example, an author might choose to allow only non-commercial uses of his/her own work) and protects the people who use or redistribute an author's work from concerns of copyright infringement as long as they abide by the conditions that are specified in the license by which the author distributes the work.

Creative Commons licences are developed by Creative Commons, a global nonprofit organization that enables sharing and reuse of creativity and knowledge through the provision of free legal tools.

History

At the beggining of internet popularization, Eric Eldred who ran a website that reprinted works whose copyright had expired, making them more widely available in a variety of formats, decided to challenge an US congress extension copyright act. The act was going to destroy his business, so he went to court - and eventually the Supreme Court - to argue that it was unconstitutional. Eldred was joined by a selection of other commercial and non-commercial interests, and his lawyer was Lawrence Lessig, a political activist and professor at Harvard Law School. On February 17, 1999, Lessig formed a collection of people to help fight the case, which was named the Copyrights Commons. Among them were Eldred and Hal Abelson, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT. On 12 January, 2001 one of the members of Copyrights Commons - Eric Saltzman, who was running Harvard's Berkman Center for Internet & Society - suggested that the movement be renamed Creative Commons, the change was unanimously accepted.[1]

Inspired by the Open Source movement, the first set of Creative Commons licences, version 1.0, were issued on 16 December, 2002, inspired in part by the GNU General Public Licence, a widely used free software license. Lessig said at the time: "People want to bridge the public domain with the realm of private copyrights. Our licences build upon their creativity, taking the power of digital rights description to a new level. They deliver on our vision of promoting the innovative reuse of all types of intellectual works, unlocking the potential of sharing and transforming others' work."[1]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 The history of Creative Commons Written by Duncan Geere and published on Wired in December 13, 2011

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